Two opposite principles are guiding the common commercial policy in Europe: the community preference and the security of supply for the European market. During the market crisis of 1993-1994 in France when the prices dropped down, fishermen asked for more protection in order to reduce fish...

[fre] Commerce international et structures de marché : une vérification empirique par Lionel Fontagné, Michel Freudenberg et Nicolas Péridy . Une part importante des échanges internationaux a lieu sur un mode intra-branche (croisement des exportations et importations au sein des branches),...

This article analyses and explains the real convergence process in MENA countries over the past 50 years. It provides a threefold contribution. Firstly, given the recent increasing attention paid to the Euro-Mediterranean area, it focuses on the convergence of MENA countries towards the EU per...

At the time of the conclusion of free trade areas (FTAs) between the USA and Middle-East and North African (MENA) countries, there is a lack of literature concerning the measurement of the current US export position with regards to these countries, and the US export potential in this area. From...

Over the past ten years, the EU commercial policy concerning EUMorocco trade has been confronted to new developments, notably the adaptation agreements, the free trade arrangements with Mediterranean countries, and the GATT Marrakech Agreement (1994). The purpose of this study is to assess the...

In 1997, fourteen Arab countries concluded an agreement, aimed at achieving the Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA) by 1.1.2007 at the latest. This paper provides a first ex-post appraisal of the GAFTA agreement’s trade effects. Based on new theoretical developments of the gravity equation,...

This paper provides a first quantitative assessment of the migration potential involving the enlarged EU and its new neighbors. Based on new theoretical developments in migration theories, it develops an empirical model which highlights the main migration determinants in the EU. As a next step,...