of teachers' bias in grading immigrants and native children in middle schools. Teachers give lower grades to immigrant … stronger stereotypes give lower grades to immigrants compared to natives with the same performance. Literature teachers do not … differentially grade immigrants based on their own stereotypes. Finally, we share teachers' own IAT score with them, randomizing the …

immigration, we turn to the main focus of the paper: how immigrants influence electoral outcomes in receiving countries, and why …

on a wide range of political and social outcomes. The existing evidence suggests that immigrants often, but not always …