This paper introduces a model to construct composite indicators that is based upon the determination of the least distance from each assessed unit to a frontier estimated by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The model also allows accounting for the existence of slacks in all the considered...

This paper contributes to research on the corporate social responsibility (CSR) field and the inefficiency measurement of firms by proposing a new method for evaluating inefficiency accounting for firms’ CSR activities. The new approach considers the imprecise nature of CSR data through the...