In this paper, we analyse 82 national newspaper sites from eight Western European countries (Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK). For these sites, we checked whether the content is offered for free or against payment, we listed the payment instruments...

The payments market is a dynamic market. Novel (electronic) payment instruments are launched at a fast clip, while others disappear after only a short lifetime. Unfortunately, a classification that adequately distinguishes all possible payment instruments by their most relevant characteristics...

The payments market is a dynamic market. Novel payment instruments are being launched at a fast clip. Unfortunately, a classification that adequately distinguishes all possible payment instruments by their most relevant characteristics is missing in the literature. In this paper a classification...

This paper analyses the websites of 82 national daily newspapers in eight Western European countries, in order to determine their online revenue models. Overall, 80.5 per cent of our newspapers try to monetise (part of) their online content in direct ways. In doing so, the bulk of the paying...