Energy research roadmapping is highly dependent on the assumptions made for the energy system framework conditions. In order to reflect this dependency in the presented work, different visions of 'Futures' have been developed, which may realise according to the materialisation of the driving...

Basing allocation of allowances for existing installations under the EU Emissions Trading Scheme on specific emission values (benchmarks) rather than on historic emissions may have several advantages. Benchmarking may recognize early action, provide higher incentives for replacing old...