We argue that standardized information disclosure (information using a common format and uniform metrics) creates asymmetric opportunities for firms, which affects their strategies and survival. We test our predictions using a longitudinal quasi-experimental field study involving the Nutrition...

Many companies collect substantial information about their interactions with their customers.Yet information about their customers' transactions with competing firms is often sparse or nonexistent. As a result, firms are often compelled to manage customer relationships from an inward view of...