This article is intended to explore cases where there have been both trade remedies and competition investigations, with a special focus on the sugar cases. It explores whether abusing trade remedies can amount to an infringement of the Egyptian Competition Law, and suggests criteria to guide...

Since the adoption of the Law on the Protection of Competition and the Prohibition of Monopolistic practices number 3 of 2005 (“ECL”), to date, the Egyptian Competition Authority (“ECA”) has been focusing much of its resources on the detection and sanctioning of cartels. As a result, the...

The enforcement policy of the Egyptian Competition Law reveals that there are two varying approaches in relation to the concept of related parties/single economic unit. The first requires for parties to be related, to be active in the same relevant market. This created discrepancies in practice....

The Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) is facing hurdles including the informal sector, government regulated markets and a growing sector of what seems to be supra national companies. This article is intended to shed light on these hurdles and assess the development of the enforcement policy,...

This article explores the enforcement policy adopted by the Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA). Due to the lack of any published guidelines in this regard the author traces its policy through the publications made by the ECA and a number of key cases. It is revealed that there are some...

Years of enforcement of the competition law in Egypt revealed that there is a lack of competition culture. It is argued that for advocacy campaigns to be able to address this challenge, they have to be tailored in a way which will be most acceptable to the people. Hence, it is argued that...

State compulsion was developed by the Egyptian Competition Authority’s (the "ECA") practice under the Egyptian Competition Law ("ECL"), stemming from the fact that contracts or agreements presuppose that their parties concluded them willfully. However, considering the ECA's decisions, it will...

Refusal to deal has been a developing prohibition under the Egyptian competition regime. Even though, to date, the Egyptian Competition Authority has never detected a violation of refusal to deal, raising concerns of under enforcement, courts have been able to take the lead and develop the...

It has been noted that market players at some points are able to influence governmental bodies to issue administrative decisions in their favour. This Article is intended to address this concern. As will be shown, the ECA tried to overcome this challenge by various methodologies. Nonetheless,...