HIE, we find large "offset" effects in terms of increased hospital utilization in response to the combination of higher … copayments for physicians and prescription drugs. These offset effects are concentrated in patients for whom medical care is … insurance should be tied to underlying health status, with chronically ill patients facing lower cost-sharing. We also conclude …

methodology for estimating the causal relationship between hospital quality measures and patient outcomes. To compare similar … patients across hospitals in the same market, we xploit ambulance company preferences as an instrument for patient assignment …-scoring hospital results in better patient outcomes. We estimate that a two-standard deviation improvement in a composite quality …

methodology for estimating the causal relationship between hospital quality measures and patient outcomes. To compare similar … patients across hospitals in the same market, we xploit ambulance company preferences as an instrument for patient assignment …-scoring hospital results in better patient outcomes. We estimate that a two-standard deviation improvement in a composite quality …