Until the late 1950s, companies in both the North and the South practiced discrimination openly. Women, African-Americans, and Latinos were rarely given opportunities to work alongside white men in the same jobs. They were generally offered unskilled jobs without promotion prospects. Most unions...

While some U.S. corporations have adopted a host of diversity management programs, many have done little or nothing. We explore the forces promoting six diversity programs in a national sample of 816 firms over 23 years. Institutional theory suggests that external pressure for innovation...

Scholars long treated industrial policies as temporary expedients that help developing economies to catch up with rivals. A growing body of research suggests that public-policy interventions targeting particular industries play important but very different roles across developed economies....