Covid-19. We show that there exist threshold effects in the relationship between output growth and excess global volatility … factors from trade-related spillovers, and identify the Covid-19 shock using GDP growth forecast revisions of the IMF in 2020Q … observations. Our results show that the Covid-19 pandemic will lead to a significant fall in world output that is most likely long …

through error spillover effects. Bootstrapped error bands are also provided for the cross country responses of a shock to the …

through error spillover effects. Bootstrapped error bands are also provided for the cross country responses of a shock to the …

the shock. In particular, we find that adverse shocks to Iranian oil output are neutralized in terms of their effects on … contrast, a negative shock to oil supply in Saudi Arabia leads to an immediate and permanent increase in oil prices, given that … supply shock has significant adverse effects for the global economy with real GDP falling in both advanced and emerging …

, for instance, sanctions, wars, or natural disasters) vary considerably depending on which country is subject to the shock … negative shock to oil supply in Saudi Arabia leads to an immediate and permanent increase in oil prices, given that the loss in … Saudi Arabian production is not compensated for by the other oil producers. As a result, a Saudi Arabian oil supply shock …

the shock. In particular, we find that adverse shocks to Iranian oil output are neutralized in terms of their effects on … contrast, a negative shock to oil supply in Saudi Arabia leads to an immediate and permanent increase in oil prices, given that … supply shock has significant adverse effects for the global economy with real GDP falling in both advanced and emerging …