-Correction Mechanism test for cointegration, Autoregressive Distributed Lag modelling, Granger causality and dynamic modelling via variance … economic growth, while in the short run there is bi-directional Granger causality between democracy and economic growth …

) for a panel of Middle Eastern countries. We find that for the panel as a whole there are statistically significant … in electricity consumption. The policy implications are that for the panel as a whole these countries should invest in … affecting economic growth. Further policy implications are that for the panel as a whole promoting exports, particularly non …

panel unit root and stationarity tests to time series data on renewable electricity generation for 115 countries over the … period 1980-2008. We find that for the panel as a whole, and almost three quarters of the individual countries, renewable …