China has a long history of taxing agriculture, with special levies on output. Whether farm households are taxed on a lump-sum basis or as a proportion of output is an important issue. This paper develops a theoretical model to understand better the effects of the lump-sum and proportional...

The last decade has witnessed a marked improvement in information technology. Such an improvement has reduced the information cost for market participants. Thus, whether the influence of geographic factors on international financial linkage is still significant nowadays is an important question...

We develop a new method of assessing conditional conservatism using more detailed data available from the insurance industry. We look at how conditional conservatism affects insolvency risk and the financial strength rating of property-liability (P&L) insurance companies. We also investigate how...