those retained by cow-calf producers post-weaning, but before marketing or retention through the feedlot. Backgrounding … it to their cattle and potentially spreading risk by increasing marketing time or engaging in contracts with feedlots …—relate to why producers find variables such as cattle prices, animal health management, marketing practices, and nutrition …

agricultural policies, opening European and world market, etc.) they will initiate new marketing strategies. To implement such new … marketing strategies, co-ops have to collect more risk capital and in Western European agricultural co-operatives this is … insights across the social sciences. It uses the results and common fi ndings of economics, law, marketing, fi nancing …

marketing data demonstrated significant differences (P<.01) in price with seasonal lows in June/July and a steady increase in …

The paper analyses the potential benefits of marketing cooperatives in Hungary, employing a transaction cost economics …