This dissertation examines the role that institutions play in the existence of multiple equilibria in models of … dissertation presents an empirical test for the role that human capital and institutions may play in transitions between equilibria … probabilities. I find that political and economic institutions are similar in their effects on transitions arid that the time …

institutions.There is widespread agreement among most economists on the positive reinforcing linkbetween innovation and growth …. However, the importance of institutions as catalysts in thislink has not been adequately examined. The concept of innovation … innovation systems are used as a foundation to propose a newperspective on the role of institutions and a framework for …

institutions to grant credit. Obtaining trade finance has become a major hindrance to SME internationalisation, especially in … Africa. By overcoming the difficulties in obtaining trade finance, African SMEs will be able to expand into foreign markets …

citizens of thecountry. This however has not been the case for Africa.This study looks into the contributions of SMEs to … economic growth in Africa as measuredby selected economic variables i.e. entrepreneurial index of a country, per capita income … measurement. Hence, Africa shuts itself out ofviable growth opportunities in deciding not to invest in the SME sector as a long …