and EU member states is the central mechanism which provokes strict and lax rules. In vehicle emission legislation …This study analyses the stringency of EU environmental regulations. Contrary to the proposition of an economic -trading … political mechanisms and the effects of regulation. Empirical results of the study of European and national decisions in EU …

government over the period 2010 to 2013, to test the joint hypotheses that (1) atmospheric ozone production in the São Paulo … use in the gasoline-ethanol vehicle fleet leads to higher ozone concentrations in urban São Paulo's ambient air. We adopt … a regression discontinuity design (RDD) and flexibly test each discontinuity separately. Our finding that ozone levels …

it a model for other agreements, but its power goes beyond protecting the stratospheric ozone layer. Much of the …