received over their careers, and employed to highlight the implications of patent institutions for markets in inventions and … for democratization. The United States deliberately created a patent system that differed from existing European systems … in ways that significantly affected the course of technological change. Patent rights in the U.S. helped to define and …

innovation and imitation. We develop a theoretical model showing that skilled labor has a higher growth-enhancing effect closer … to the technological frontier under the reasonable assumption that innovation is a relatively more skillintensive …

This paper reviews the emergence and evolution of major topics in economics of innovation. Throughout the paper …

Non-technological innovation is an important element of firms? innovation activities that both supplement and … complement technological innovation, i.e. the introduction of new products and new processes. We analyse the spread of … nontechnological innovation in firms, their relation to technological innovation, and their effects to firm performance and success …