In this paper, we analyze the effect of transport infrastructure investments in railways. As a testing ground, we use …. Importantly, we find extremely large reduced-form effects of having access to railways. For real nonagricultural income, the … that simultaneous/coordinated investment, such as large infrastructure investment in railways, can generate economic growth …

same time, the Kingdom of Italy started a large infrastructure project to spread railways, which were largely confined in … Northern Italy, all over the country. Using tools from spatial econometrics, we find that railways played a positive effect on … productivity, but this effect was stronger in the areas in which railways were already built. Moreover, railways helped industrial …

. In this context, railways emerge as a promising solution, especially with the new legal regulatory frameworks. A detailed … significant reductions in the country's operational costs. As a result, railways promote a more favorable economic scenario, as …

transport technologies (the railways and steam navigation), were set in motion. At the same time, the Spanish economy was …