We explore how fiscal consolidations affect private sector confidence, a possible channel for the fiscal transmission that has received particular attention recently as a result of governments embarking on austerity trajectories in the aftermath of the crisis. Panel regressions based on the...

In this paper, we study the effectiveness of environmental information disclosure as a regulatory instrument. In particular we analyze its impact when environmental regulation is already advanced. Using German stock market data, we are able to identify the impact of the European Pollutant...

This study examines the relation of stock returns and the announcements on verified emissions in the European Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS). In a first step we employ event study methods to detect possibly abnormal returns on the respective announcement dates using a sample of quoted stock...

Sustainability is not only becoming more and more important at the political level; the product range of sustainable investments is also growing rapidly in the financial sector. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown how important sustainable business models can be to survive crises. Therefore, this...

We study the development of bank lending in the U.S. after four large jumps in uncertainty using an event study approach. We find that more liquid banks reduce lending less than banks with smaller liquidity ratios after a surge in uncertainty. Lending by smaller banks is also less responsive to...

Regional cultural identity increases trust and facilitates interaction between native citizens ('social capital'). At the same time, it also affects non-native's migration decisions and their utility as it excludes non-native mobile workers from economic interaction within the region. Policies...

From commercials to movies to fashion, Indigenous artworks have been misused in ways that are offensive to the artists who created them and disrespectful of the cultures that inspired them. Using Indigenous traditional cultural expressions (TCEs) without acknowledging their sources or providing...

Der Anteil der Familienunternehmen in den wichtigsten Nachhaltigkeitsbranchen liegt besonders hoch: bei Windkraft sind es 96 Prozent, bei Wärmedämmung und Biokunststoffen jeweils 94 Prozent und in den Bereichen Photovoltaik, Leichtbau und Luftreinhaltung liegt der Anteil jeweils bei 92...