This paper investigates progress in reducing the high level of racial stratification of occupations after apartheid in … sustained or significant desegregation. Occupations remain highly segmented by race, with blacks disproportionally holding low …-paying jobs (compared with whites). Less than a third of segregation and about half of racial stratification in occupational …

In this paper, I show that occupations in South Africa are segregated and stratified not only by race, but also by … gender segregation and stratification, with women and men entering occupations previously dominated by the other gender …

We extend the conventional framework for measuring segregation to consider stratification of occupations by gender, i … US has been accompanied by a deeper, longer reduction in gender stratification. We further investigate the role of … workers' characteristics, showing that gender differences cannot explain the levels of segregation/stratification in any year …

territorial differences in a) the educational level of white women, b) the gender-race composition of the labor force, c) the …

historical wage gaps still exist and are affected by the government in power. Therefore, this study provides evidence of race … same period and have remained constant over the sample period. Most of the race-based occupational segregation is a result …