Societies provide institutions that are costly to use, but able to enforce long-run relationships. We study the optimal decision problem of using self-governance for risk sharing or governance through enforcement provided by these institutions. Third-party enforcement is modelled as a costly...

We live in a service economy, but the extent of development of service employment differs across developed countries. This paper assesses the role of structural factors and institutions in explaining the common patterns and main differences in the recent expansion of service employment in OECD...

Inspired by a European spirit, the EU's national economic and social councils and the EESC worked together tirelessly to create a European network of economic and social councils. Thanks to the commitment of the presidents and members of all the councils, the network has helped forge systematic...

The European Commission has requested the European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice (CEPEJ), Council of Europe to conduct a study by collecting and providing data on the functioning of judicial systems in the EU member States. This study is based on the facts and figures collected,...

The Study examined the different legal frameworks, procedures and practices in place in the Member States to enable third-country nationals to change migration status, as well as the conditions associated with such changes. It also looked at existing obstacles and good practices.

The aim of this EMN study is to identify similarities, differences and best practices with regard to the use of detention and alternatives to detention in the context of (Member)States’ immigration policies. ... Special attention is given to the possibility of detaining and/or providing...

This Synthesis Report presents the main findings of the second EMN Focussed Study “Establishing Identity for International Protection: Challenges and Practices”. The aim of the study is to provide an overview of important challenges facing national authorities in their efforts to establish,...

The purpose of this EMN Focussed Study 2012 was to act as a scoping exercise to better understand the key issues and challenges in relation to the intra-EU mobility of third-country nationals in the different Member States. ... The study aimed, firstly, to provide an overview of current mobility...