"The Vocational and Career Psychology Service (BPS) of the German National Employment Agency has developed four new services for competence assessment. They can be used by job placement officers and case workers to better identify soft skills of their customers and use the results for job search...

"Längerfristige Beschäftigungsbeziehungen und betriebsinterne Teilarbeitsmärkte erfahren in diesem Beitrag zunächst eine vertragtheoretische Deutung: Explizite Arbeitsverträge werden ex ante in allgemeiner Form abgeschlossen, bevor ex post individuelle Arbeitsbeziehungen gestaltet werden....

"Längerfristige Beschäftigungsbeziehungen und betriebsinterne Teilarbeitsmärkte erfahren in diesem Beitrag zunächst eine vertragtheoretische Deutung: Explizite Arbeitsverträge werden ex ante in allgemeiner Form abgeschlossen, bevor ex post individuelle Arbeitsbeziehungen gestaltet werden....

Firms are often organized into groups. Group membership has been shown empirically to have positive effects, in the form of increased prosocial behavior toward in-group members. This includes an enhanced willingness to engage in altruistic punishment of inefficient defection. Our paper provides...

An important branch of economic research on emotions has used power-to-take game experiments to study the impact of negative emotions, such as anger, irritation and contempt, on the decision to punish. We investigate experimentally the role that the specific punishment technology adopted plays...

See also <I>Social ties and coordination on negative reciprocity: The role of affect</I>, <A href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047272707000679">Journal of Public Economics'</A>, 2008, 92, 34-53.<P> This experimental study investigates how behavior changes after punishment for an unkind action. It also studies how fairness perceptions affect the reaction to...</p></a></i>

We consider a voluntary contributions game, in which players may punish others after contributions are made and observed. The productivity of contributions, as captured in the marginal-per-capita return, differs among individuals, so that there are two types: high and low productivity. Every two...

Studies have shown that there are differences in cooperative behavior across countries. Furthermore, differences in the use of and the reaction to the introduction of a norm enforcement mechanism have recently been documented in cross-cultural studies. We present data that prove that stark...