Computer-owners combine complementary goods to a computer-system. They exchange data with others and between different applications. These interdependencies lead to three different network effects, which are explained in the framework of Hotelling models. In the framework of a one-dimensional...

This report analyzes a large sample of U.S. grocery warehouse operators in 54 well defined grocery marketing areas. Almost all grocer retail chains with more than 40 supermarkets and $500 million in retail sales in 1990 are vertically integrated into wholesaling. More than four-fifths of the...

In the German automobile industry the vertical integration, as an indicator of value added, is on average low. Beyond the argument of relative high labour costs for manufacturing, several specific reasons for the level of vertical integration, linked to the flexibility of business administration...

Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt, dass die Festlegung der Fertigungstiefe in der Gegenstromplanung von Strategien kein stringentes Instrument der Unternehmensführung ist. Die Top-Down und Bottom-Up Analyse über die hierarchischen Ebenen der Unternehmens-, Wettbewerbs- und Funktionalstrategie...

Mit ihren vier Perspektiven - finanzielle Perspektive, Kundenperspektive, interne Prozeßperspektive sowie Lern- und Entwicklungsperspektive - informiert die Balanced Scorecard in einem ausgewogenen Bild über die aktuelle Zielerreichung und die zukünftigen Erfolgsmöglichkeiten eines...

Gibt es in einem räumlichen Markt einzelwirtschaftliche und/oder gesamtwirtschaftliche, wohlfahrtstheoretische Anreize zur vertikalen Integration zweier Marktstufen in einer organisatorischen Einheit (Konzern)? Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage wird ein Modell vorgestellt, in dem die Standorte der...

Driven by digitalization, convergence within the telecommunication and media sector is not only a today's phenomena, but will even become more important in the future. One of the most important dimensions of convergence is vertical integration, i.e. the merging of formerly independent firms...

ILO pub. Working paper on employment creation and choice of technology of multinational enterprises in developing countries, comprising a literature survey and a case study of Brazil - examines the theoretical background; based on a sample survey (1974-1978), discusses ownership, technical...

While vertical integration is traditionally seen as a solution to the hold-up problem, this paper highlights instead that it can generate hold-up problems — for rivals. We first consider a successive duopoly where competition among suppliers eliminates any risk of hold-up; downstreamfirms thus...