ILO pub-WEP pub. Working paper on structural change and industrial policy trends from 1970-1980 in Japan - discusses …

independent producers and US firms are gaining market share in Japan. CHON S. (1997) La demystification de l'integration verticale … der vertikalen Integration in der Japanischen Elektronikindustrie: Umstrukturierung in der Halbleiter benutzenden … Gerateindustrie, Reg. Studies 31, 25-39. Einige Bereiche der vertikal integrierten Struktur der japanischen Elektronikindustrie werden …

year of the “bursting of the bubble economy” in Japan. The pendulum now swings back again toward decentralization and local …

affected the trade links of the region with the U.S. and Japan. We concentrate on one particular aspect, i.e. changes in the … compared to the U.S. , Japan’s trade links with East Asia display a far greater diversity of the product groups involved. Of … uncontested leader. This is in stark contrast to the situation in Japan, where a large and rapidly growing surplus characterizes …

Although <i>product modularity</i> is often advocated as a design strategy in the operations management literature …

Modularity is an important concept in evolutionary theorizing but lack of a consistent definition renders study … difficult. Using the generalized NK-model of fitness landscapes, we differentiate modularity from decomposability. Modular and …, while in the latter, subsystems are completely isolated. We derive the optimal level of modularity, which minimizes the time …

simulated annealing strategy is used to maximize the modularity of a network, associating with a dissimilarity-index-based and … the literature as regards the optimal modularity found. They can not only identify the community structure, but also give …

advocate modularity on the micro-level: Dependencies should be minimized as they impede optimization and flexibility of the …