The article analyzes how a defender determines a balance between protecting an object (passive defense) and striking preventively against an attacker seeking to destroy the object (active defense). The attacker analogously determines a balance between attacking and protecting against the...

It is well recognized that using the hot standby redundancy provides fast restoration in the case of failures. However the redundant elements are exposed to working stresses before they are used, which reduces the overall system reliability. Moreover, the cost of maintaining the hot redundant...

The paper analyzes the efficiency of deploying false targets as part of a defense strategy. It is assumed that the defender has a single object that can be destroyed by the attacker. The defender distributes its resource between deploying false targets and protecting the object from outside...

The paper considers strategic defense and attack of a system which can be separated into independent identical homogeneous parallel elements. The defender distributes its resource between separation of the elements and their protection from outside attacks. The attacker distributes its effort...

This paper considers software systems consisting of fault-tolerant components. These components are built from functionally equivalent but independently developed versions characterized by different reliability and execution times. Because of resource constraints, the number of versions that can...

This paper proposes a new model that generalizes the linear multi-state sliding window system. In this model the system consists of n linearly ordered multi-state elements. Each element can have different states: from complete failure up to perfect functioning. A performance rate is associated...

The paper considers a situation when a terrorist with N attack facilities allocates its resource between attacking an object and protecting the facilities that will be used in the attack. A government allocates its resource between protecting the object passively and striking actively and...