This article deals with three important matters concerning the growth of internationalising/globalising firms from Lesser Developed Countries (LDC) and newly industrialising countries. One is the development of the optimal international/global expansion path for such firms, two is the question...

Although born globals (BGs) have now been studied for over a decade, theory and practice are still evolving. This article was written to clarify the definition of a Born Global (BG) firm and to describe the three phases--introductory, growth and resource accumulation, and break-out to...

A particularly interesting area of research concerns how international fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies from small and open economies that operate in turbulent markets plan successful advertising campaigns for international markets. The objective of this research was to determine how...

Recent changes in the technological environment have had a significant impact on the available sales channel alternatives. At the forefront of this development are the born global firms, which have been relatively quick to adopt Internet-based channels. Interestingly, many of these firms have...

This paper extends the Integration-Responsiveness ([Bartlett and Ghoshal, 1989] and [Prahalad and Doz, 1987]) international business framework of multinational companies (MNCs) strategies in order to explain the MNC's various approaches to managing strategic alliance portfolios. Our research...

The born global start-up lacks resources compared to the requirement of reaching world markets. Further, the extant internationalization theories may not be adequate to indicate viable channel alternatives for born globals. The conventional way of pledging personal assets, raising resources, and...

Born global companies have now been studied for a decade. However, little has been written specifically about the challenges facing born globals in their branding endeavours. This research examines the branding strategies of 30 Finnish small and medium-sized born globals. The experience,...

In this paper we will show how knowledge intensive firms can quicken their internationalisation by using the Internet as a sales channel. When properly applied the Internet can provide a way to decrease the effects of liability of foreignness and resource scarcity, and herewith contribute to an...

The ‘Born Globals’ (BGs) have now been studied for over a decade and yet the conceptualizations and theory development are at an initial phase. This article was written to clarify the definition of a BG firm, and focus on its characteristics. BGs deviate considerably when contrasted...