Alfred Chandler's recent passing is cause to review and celebrate his many contributions to business history. It also presents an opportunity to highlight links between his rich historical analyses concerning organizational and industrial innovation and contemporary management studies of the...

Analyses of budget balances in 18 emerging presidential democracies observed prior to the financial crisis of 2008–2009 show that credit rating agencies induce fiscal discipline in election years, thus reducing incentives for governments to borrow opportunistically for short-term electoral gain.

The world of multinational enterprises is changing dramatically. Their complex and dynamic international context presents them with special challenges – threatening their survival on one hand, and presenting them with unprecedented opportunities on the other. In this volume, international...

Credit rating agencies have drawn criticism for failing to anticipate and deter root causes of the 2008-2009 financial crisis in the United States. However, this paper presents evidence that credit rating agencies regularly anticipate and deter governments in emerging democracies from...

More than fifty years ago, Joseph Schumpeter stated that processes intrinsic to a capitalist society produce a "creative destruction," whereby innovations destroy obsolete technologies, only to be assaulted in turn by newer and more efficient rivals. This book asks whether the current chaotic...

We use partisan and opportunistic political business cycle (“PBC”) considerations to develop and test a framework for explaining election-period changes in credit spreads for developing country sovereign bonds. Pre-election bond spread trends are significantly linked both to the partisan...

We use partisan and opportunistic political business cycle (“PBC”) considerations to develop a framework for explaining election-period decisions by credit rating agencies (“agencies”) publishing developing country sovereign risk-ratings (“ratings”). We test six hypotheses derived...

Over the past decades terms such as regionalism, regionalization, 'regional multinationals', and 'liability of regional foreignness' have populated International Business and Global Strategy research. Notwithstanding their popularity, the definition of the term 'region' is ambiguous, which...

International business research has long acknowledged the importance of regional factors for foreign direct investment ("FDI") by multinational corporations ("MNCs"). However, significant differences when defining these regions obscure the analysis about how and why regions matter. In response,...

We empirically examine whether and how opportunistic and partisan political business cycle ("PBC") considerations explain election-period decisions by credit rating agencies ("agencies") publishing developing country sovereign risk-ratings ("ratings"). Analyses of 391 agency ratings for 19...