Summary This paper expands the empirical analysis of hysteresis in trade in two directions. First, it uses disaggregate … test for the non-linear parameter. The model is flexible in the functional form of hysteresis and it allows for testing … weak vs. strong hysteresis and perfect hysteresis vs. strong persistence. The result shows that previous tests made too …

having permanent effects on German unemployment. This difference in hysteresis, however, depends on the sample. Using … in more recent subsamples.We conclude that hysteresis has turned into a dominating feature also on US labour market more …

1973. This offers support for the structuralist theory. A nonlinear (TAR) model is used to capture fast-up, slow …, especially in Europe, which places the persistence theory closer to the mark. We conclude that elements from both theories are …

paths. Illustrates the properties of force fields with hysteresis, providing a counter example. Discusses precedents for … viewing economic systems as having equilibria haunted by hysteresis, and summarizes and illustrates the implications of …

Credit risk evaluation techniques that aid effective decisions in credit lending are of great importance to the … financial and banking industries. Such techniques assist credit managers to minimize the risks often associated with wrong … decision making. Several techniques have been developed in the time past for credit risk evaluation and these techniques suffer …

Purpose – This research seeks to explore current attitudes, motivations and behaviours in relation to student credit … contextual factors associated with the credit‐friendly environment in which students live in addition to shedding light on … student orientation towards credit and debt, with specific conclusions for future student debt. Research limitations …

Takes an initial look at ways consumers use credit and how differences in credit usage by store type may be used to …‐term relationships with customers. Using credit usage information is one way of identifying consumers’ purchasing behavior. Illustrates … how differences in retail credit usage could be used to individualize marketing efforts by retailers. Also suggests how …

the degree of credit market imperfections. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use a novel firm‐level dataset … proxy for credit‐constraints at the firm‐level. As additional proxies for the importance of credit market imperfections, we …, understanding whether credit market conditions affect the link between volatility and growth is of importance for policy makers …