Based on a sample of 26 European passenger airlines, this study analyzes the development of airline business models over time. We used various distance measures to calculate concrete differentiation levels among these airlines between 2004 and 2012. The results indicate increasing similarity...

The aviation industry is in transition. In addition to its cyclic nature, environmental uncertainty has increased since September 11 terrorist attacks; the outbreak of diseases such as SARS have demonstrated the vulnerability of the aviation system. Ongoing deregulation tendencies, the formation...