This paper investigates how training firms retain their apprenticeship graduates if they are embedded in labor markets without the frictions that the new training literature considers to be essential for investments in general human capital. We hypothesize that performance pay schemes are an...

Summary The decision to revise an educational choice has hardly been analyzed in previous research. Dropping out is only one possible choice, and we distinguish between dropping out (leaving the apprenticeship system) and changing or upgrading (staying within the apprenticeship system) as three...

A series of seminal theoretical papers argues that poaching of employees may hamper company-sponsored general training. However, the extent of poaching, its determinants and consequences, remains an open empirical question. We provide a novel empirical identification strategy for poaching and...