This paper analyzes the effect of different cooperation forms on innovation in small and medium enterprises in Belgium …, Germany, Portugal and Spain using Community Innovation Survey data from 2008. We find that vertical cooperation and knowledge … positive effect of horizontal cooperation on sales due to product innovation only in Germany. …

, innovation and economic performance at the firm level. We posit that design investments may provide firms with a higher capacity … associated with a non-systematic resort to design, a higher innovation-based performance is coupled with an increasingly more …