workforce common to all EU member countries: flows from regular employment to non-employment are very often dead-ends. A vast …-term unemployed or leave the workforce altogether, never to regain regular employment even after as long as twenty years. Many join … the ranks of the irregular economy, many drop out of the labour force. "Workforce disposal" refers to the process …

macroeconomic level but also affect microeconomic issues such as a firm's growth and workforce. This exploratory study realises a … potential effect that age composition of a firm's workforce may have on a firm's employment growth. The study applies a linked … that, on average, employment growth slows down as the average age of the workforce increases. …

In cities, complementarity between a low-skilled and a high-skilled workforce can promote each other to improve labor … workforce in cities in the People's Republic of China (PRC) along with its changes, and drew the following three conclusions …. First, a highly skilled workforce is the engine of urban development, increasing urban wages and population. Second, big …

studies have become irrelevant due to the dramatic demographical changes in the workforce, where the transition of the …