As the world transitions towards electric, connected, and automated vehicles (ECAVs), asset managers continue to prepare physical infrastructure investments needed to accommodate these technologies. With increasing ECAV adoption, the revenues typically earned from vehicle registrations and fuel...

Follow the leader (FTL) algorithm is a newly developed optimization algorithm inspired by a sheep's movement within a flock. FTL has been successfully implemented to solve power prediction problems. However, the probability of falling in local optima is high due to randomness in the step...