This paper is motivated by the implementation of the new banking supervision structure in the European Union (EU) and the possible conflict of interest between monetary policy and the supervision authority within the European Central Bank (ECB). The empirical analysis considers the relationship...

This paper is motivated by the implementation of the new banking supervision structure in the European Union (EU) and the possible conflict of interest between monetary policy and the supervision authority within the European Central Bank (ECB). The empirical analysis considers the relationship...

Regulatory stress tests have become the primary tool for setting capital requirements at the largest U.S. banks. The Federal Reserve uses confidential models to evaluate bank-specific outcomes for bank-specific portfolios in shared stress scenarios. As a matter of policy, the same models are...

This essay was published as part of a law review symposium that evaluated my work on theregulation of large, complex financial institutions. Part I of my essay discusses the other articlespublished in the symposium issue and describes their relationship to my own work. Part IIanalyzes the global...

The establishment of the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM), as the first pillar of an EU Banking Union, represents a significant step towards greater integration in banking supervision. However, the scope of the SSM is limited to a group of Member States. Member States such as the UK have...

Making banks resolvable or “safe to fail” is a key component of the regulatory reform program enacted in response to the crisis. This paper designs a bank that will be resolvable, first for a bank in a single jurisdiction and then for a banking group with branches and/or subsidiaries in...

The EU's banking union aims to break the “doom loop” that makes governments dependent on banks and banks dependent on governments. However, current arrangements address only the first objective: the single supervisory mechanism should make banks less likely to fail. The single resolution...

Consolidation or fragmentation for financial regulators? This debate has gained importance since the 2007-2009 financial crisis. The financial services sector has changed considerably over the last 25 years. Financial institutions have evolved from domestic firms engaged in distinct insurance,...

This paper examines international differences in banks' capital structure adjustments across a large panel of 94 countries over the period 1993 to 2007. A bank's ability to adjust its capital ratio is influenced by corporate governance, public policy, market structure, and bank regulatory...