-random distribution of teachers and students among classrooms within schools. We find compelling evidence that teacher credentials affect … distribution of teacher credentials by race and socio-economic status of high school students -- a pattern we also document …

-random distribution of teachers and students among classrooms within schools. We find compelling evidence that teacher credentials affect … distribution of teacher credentials by race and socio-economic status of high school students -- a pattern we also document …

depends on whether students are the same race or ethnicity as their instructors. To identify racial interactions and address … potential biases from sorting by focusing on students with restricted course enrollment options due to low registration … priorities, students not getting first section choices, and on courses with no within-term or within-year racial variation in …

quantify the extent to which academic performance depends on students being of similar race or ethnicity to their instructors … performance gap in terms of class dropout and pass rates between white and minority students falls by roughly half when taught by … a minority instructor. In models that allow for a full set of ethnic and racial interactions between students and …

depends on whether students are the same race or ethnicity as their instructors. To identify racial interactions and address … potential biases from sorting by focusing on students with restricted course enrollment options due to low registration … priorities, students not getting first section choices, and on courses with no within-term or within-year racial variation in …