markets alternate price leadership over the day and across high and low volume stocks. The variations in price leadership are … inconsistent with the theoretical liquidity-price efficiency link. Dark and algorithmic trading are shown to generally impede price … stocks' price discovery. Despite the variations in intraday price leadership, Chi-X accounts for more share of price …

Background: Although the association between the price of generic drugs and market competitiveness has been explored in …-25 manufacturers); medium- (26-75 manufacturers); and high-competition (more than 76 manufacturers) markets. Price variance, calculated … as the difference between the maximum price and minimum price divided by the maximum price, was obtained. A multivariate …