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This paper presents a formal theory of reciprocity. Reciprocity means that people reward kind actions and punish unkind ones. The theory takes into account that people evaluate the kindness of an action not only by its consequences but also by the intention underlying this action. The theory...
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inclination to compete in the gender-balanced society. We also find that women's decisions in our experiment are optimal more …Can gender-balanced social norms mitigate the gender differences in competitiveness that are observed in traditional … previously been studied. We find that, unlike in the patriarchic society, there is no significant gender difference in the …
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; altruism ; adolescents ; gender differences ; experiment …We look at gender differences in preferences for altruism, risk and competition in math and word search among … adolescents in Sweden. We find that girls are more altruistic and less risk taking than boys. We find no gender gap in performance …
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We look at gender differences among adolescents in Sweden in preferences for altruism, risk and competition. We find … that girls are more altruistic and less risk taking than boys. No gender differences are found comparing competitive …. However, this gender gap diminishes and becomes non-significant when we control for performance beliefs relative to others …
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