life-long-learning strategies. In this paper our aim is to explain to what extent the variation in training investments is … determinants of training. Rather than analyzing single determinants or groups of variables, we decompose the variation into a … show that both firm-, job- and worker-level heterogeneity explains training participation and that firm heterogeneity is …

on training incidence as well as on the number of trained workers. According to theory, one would expect a negative … training. This result is robust towards different samples, model specifications and estimation techniques. …

probability to participate in different training measures. We find that training participation probabilities are inverted u …-shaped with age and that longer training measures are undertaken earlier in life and working career, respectively. These findings …

We evaluate the effects of employer-provided formal training on employee suggestions for productivity improvements and … company allow us to address issues such as unobserved heterogeneity and the length of potential training effects. Our main … training. The effect on suggestions is however only short term. Promotion probabilities are largest directly after training but …

We evaluate the effects of employer-provided formal training on employee suggestions for productivity improvements and … company allow us to address issues such as unobserved heterogeneity and the length of potential training effects. Our main … training. The effect on suggestions is however only short term. Promotion probabilities are largest directly after training but …

probability to participate in different training measures. We find that training participation probabilities are inverted u …-shaped with age and that longer training measures are undertaken earlier in life and working career, respectively. These findings …