innovation performance, addressing endogeneity by exploiting within firm variation as well as variation in labor supply across … regions. We find that vertical educational diversity increases the extensive margin of R&D and product innovation …, particularly new product innovation. However, the relationship with process innovation, R&D intensity, and product innovation …

costs. Research therefore repeatedly stressed the positive relationship between collaborative R&D and innovation performance … terms of gains for innovation performance, but also show that collaboration has decreasing and even negative returns on … product innovation if its intensity increases above a certain threshold. In particular, costs start outweighing benefits if a …

in product and process innovation for Spanish manufacturing firms in the period 1990-2010. The authors find past and path … dependence and confirm the important effect of R&D effort in both types of innovation. Nevertheless, for product innovation, the … process innovation. …