This article uses European Central Bank (ECB) survey data to assess whether gender matters in the small firms … difficulty in accessing bank finance: on the demand side, they apply for bank loans less frequently, as they more often … of gender discrimination appears in the supply of bank loans in Germany, Italy, and Spain, while some demand obstacles …

hampered the smooth transmission of accommodative monetary policy. Using bank level data from 2007 to 2015, we directly measure … bank in the same month for loans to small and large firms (the "Small Firm Financing Premium", SFFP). We assess the role … played by both bank and macroeconomic factors in explaining the variation in the SFFP across countries and through time. We …