with school system resources. The model is rich, yet sufficiently stylized to provide novel implications. It can show, for … example, that an improvement in parental outside options will reduce parental and school effort, which are partially … compensated through school resources. In this way, by incorporating the behavioral responses of parents, teachers and policymakers …

education they receive. School enrollment rates have increased dramatically in developing counties since 1960, but many children … still leave school at a young age and often learn little while in school. This chapter reviews recent research on the impact …

second question examines how achievement gains based on the NWEA math tests during the 2020-2021 pandemic school year … compared to prepandemic and post-school-closure trends. The third question examines the variability of NWEA math test scores … during the pandemic compared to the school years before and after the 2020-2021 pandemic school year. We find that student …

School accountability—the process of evaluating school performance on the basis of student performance measures … Republican federal administrations' education policies. This chapter reviews the theory of school-based accountability, describes … on students' long-run outcomes are more difficult to judge. It is also clear that school personnel respond to …

Children growing up in disadvantaged neighborhoods tend to perform significantly worse in school compared to children … significant; the same applies to GPA and admission to upper secondary school. For test scores in Swedish language there is no … indication of improvement. An analysis of a survey of pupils supports the idea that the teaching as well as the classroom climate …

A dynamic discrete choice model is set up to estimate the effects of grade retention in high school, both in the short … schooling outcomes and, more so, for less able pupils. …