promises, and explores the distributional consequences of this decision, in a setting where party credibility can vary. When … campaign promises. When political credibility is sufficiently low, some voter groups are targeted only with vote buying and not …

How do flawed elections and post-election protest shape political attitudes? Taking advantage of the largely exogenous … variation in the timing of a survey conducted in Moscow, we examine the short-term impact of the parliamentary election of … election had little effect on attitudes toward government, perhaps because allegations of vote improprieties were not new …