naturalized children of guest workers, ethnic Germans, EU and third country immigrants. In line with previous research, I find … less adversely affected by low parental education than are the children of native Germans. …

In this paper, we study how parents react to a widely-used school policy that puts some children at a learning … disadvantage. Specifically, we first document that, in line with findings in other countries, younger children in Spain perform … significantly worse at school than their older peers and – key to causal interpretation – that for children born in winter this …

in the share of immigrant children between different grade levels within schools is exploited to identify the impact of … immigrant peers. I find that exposure to immigrant children has dissimilar effects on native students' achievements across the …