approach of irreversibility. They allow us to evaluate both the technological level and the environmental impact of the … irreversible thermodynamic approach, in order to evaluate the inefficiency both of the process and of the production systems, and … the related consequences. Three applications are summarized in order to highlight the possible interest from different …

concept of entropy. We use Boltzmann's approach of the degree of order to give an illustration of the entropy concept. We then …

-- 11. Energetics -- 12. Evolutionary theory and genetics -- 13. Entropy, exergy, information and complexity -- 14. The …) system -- an “island of order” –that exists far from both thermodynamic and economic equilibrium. Order is achieved by …