The study investigates the effects of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the COVID-19 pandemic, and exchange rate fluctuations on the average return, contagion dynamics, and persistence of risks associated with three staples in Türkiye: wheat, sunflower oil, and corn. The pandemic and the war disrupted...

The global food system faces major risks and threats that can cause massive economic loss; dislocation of food supply chains; and welfare loss of producers, consumers, and other food system actors. The interrelated nature of the system has highlighted the complexity of risks. Climate change,...