The authors examine the effects of referral-based hiring on the number of promotions employees receive after entering organizations and the differences in this effect across demographic groups using a two-study multi-method approach. The first study uses data collected from a single organization...

Women are underrepresented in leadership positions - academia is no exception. Using data on careers of doctoral graduates in Germany, we study gender differences in the decision to stay at university as a postdoctoral researcher and in the intention to become a professor. We find that gender...