Gender gaps in skills exist around the world but differ remarkably among the high and low-and-middle income countries … and gender attitudes predict gender gaps in cognitive and noncognitive skills. We find steep socioeconomic and attitude … results suggest that a sizable improvement in gender attitudes would yield important gains for females, but substantial gains …

-school leadership experiences explain a significant portion of the residual gender wage gap and selection into management occupations … experiences, our results leave less room for direct labor market discrimination as a driver of the gender wage gap and occupation …