evidence that the MAX effect overwhelms the effects of idiosyncratic risk. When we control for idiosyncratic risk, the negative … idiosyncratic risk factors explains the negative premium. Furthermore, our results are not fully explained by the exposure to the … market timing and economic state. Overall, both the extreme return and idiosyncratic risk effects appear to coexist in the …

This paper examines the relationship between idiosyncratic risk and stock returns in BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India … risk puzzle by dividing firms into groups based on fundamentals, such as their market risk, financial constraints, and … liquidity position. Finally, it investigates whether the idiosyncratic risk is priced in BRICS countries’ equity markets. The …