direct effect. This is true for the full sample of children, for boys and girls and for children in households whose mother …

health and human capital formation for children. Children who experience a parental health shock are more likely to have … therapy and take anti-depressant medication following the shock. These children have lower test scores and school enrollment … on test scores is no different for children in high- and low-income families, but the families react differently to the …

math) and does not vanish when children grow up to age 10. Conventional estimates are instead smaller because they are …

math) and does not vanish when children grow up to age 10. Conventional estimates are instead smaller because they are …

light on the underlying mechanisms, we also examine children's time use and interpersonal relationships. We find evidence of … compensatory investment in cognitive skills by younger children, however, they are also more likely to have poor …

universal preschools offer a relatively high-quality learning experience for low-income children not reflected in typical … low-income 4 year olds. State pre-K programs targeted toward disadvantaged children do not. Differences in other pre …

universal preschools offer a relatively high-quality learning experience for low-income children not reflected in typical … low-income 4 year olds. State pre-K programs targeted toward disadvantaged children do not. Differences in other pre- K …