independently to the estimation method. Thus during economic crises of recession, policymakers should hold-on regional integration …

, democracy and fuels. We employ annual data of 129 countries from all part of the world spanning 1990-2010 and invoke Ordinary … Least Squares (OLS) estimation method; we applied Sasabuchi test to verify the inverse U-shape and estimate the extreme … openness have a positive on economic recession independently to the estimation method. For robustness check, estimations …

The downturn in the world economy following the global banking crisis has left the Chinese economy relatively unscathed …