The recent economic downturn has made consumers more focused on obtaining good value-for-money and on keeping their spending in check. This dissertation covers the implications of two recent developments indicative of such smart shoppingʺ: the increased popularity of the hard-discounterʺ...

Private brands are those manufactured or provided by one company for offer under another company's brand. They are often positioned as lower-price alternatives to national brands, and they are helping retailers to build sustainable relationships with their customers. The objective of this...